Rectocele repair covered by insurance

Rectocele repair covered by insurance. In the early post-operative period, you should avoid situations where excessive pressure is placed on the repair, i. Swedish Colon & Rectal Clinic - Issaquah. These procedures are frequently not covered by insurance and are not related to the anatomy or function of the vagina but only appearance. This surgical intervention is the most prevalent and effective means of addressing rectocele. Jun 1, 2022 · About Enteroceles. The goal of surgery is to repair the problem and relieve your symptoms. The underlying cause of a rectocele is a weakening of the pelvic support structures and thinning of the rectovaginal septum. Jul 15, 2022 · Colorectal surgeons often approach rectocele repairs via a transanal approach. Rectocele is also called posterior vaginal wall prolapse. Your doctor will only recommend surgical management if other treatment methods have not improved your Methods: This is a review of patients selected for rectocele repair between 1989 and 1994. Pelvic organ prolapse typically demonstrates multiple abnormalities and may involve the urethra (urethrocele), bladder (cystocele), vaginal vault, rectum (rectocele), and small bowel (enterocele). I'm 14 weeks post op now & still get tired if I do too much. This A rectocele (REK-toe-seel) is when your rectum moves forward. A Cochrane Database systematic review comparing transvaginal repair to transanal repair of rectoceles concluded that transvaginal repair results in lower recurrence rate of symptoms. Swedish Surgical Specialists - Edmonds. Your provider may recommend surgical repair if you have symptoms like pain, difficulty pooping or sexual dysfunction. Jeffrey V. Also, they’ll discuss with you how having a colpocleisis may change your sex life and your options for diagnostic screenings. Most insurance companies cover this procedure. Success rates are 75% - 96%. A health insurance policy is in fact a contract between the company and you or your employer. Understanding Diastasis Recti. Jun 22, 2022 · What happens before a colpocleisis? Your healthcare provider will assess your health to be sure that you’re a good candidate for surgery. DOI: Read journal PMID: 31390332. We compared the outcomes of transvaginal posterior colporrhaphy (PC) and laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy (LVMR) in treatment of anterior rectocele. D. Transanal or vaginal approach to rectocele repair: a prospective, randomized pilot study. 751 Northeast Blakely Drive, Suite 4535, Issaquah, WA 98029 Swedish Colon & Rectal Clinic - Edmonds. Surgery to close the vagina (vaginal obliteration). 916 North 10th Place, Building 306, Renton, WA 98057 Anterior colporrhaphy — repair of cystocele through a cut in the vagina; Posterior colporrhaphy — repair of rectocele through a cut in the vagina; Enterocele repair — repair of enterocele through a cut in the vagina; Vaginal vault suspension — uterosacral or sacrospinous ligament fixation of vaginal vault prolapse. Surgery to repair and restore the tissue in the area of the prolapse (restorative surgery). Maximal strength and healing around the repair occurs at 3 months and care with heavy lifting (>10kg/25lbs) needs to be taken until this time. Presented at: Joint Meeting of the International Continence Society and the International Urogynecological Association. e. Enterocele Enterocele is when the small intestine bulges against the vaginal wall. Urethral sling surgery Nov 19, 2017 · I didn't drive for for 8 weeks. It is traditionally considered a posterior compartment damage with weakness of posterior vaginal wall support resulting in a bulging of the rectum into the vaginal cavity (1, 2). 1221 Madison Street, Arnold Pavilion, Suite 1411, Seattle, WA 98104 Insurance companies do not typically cover vaginal rejuvenation. 46 57268 Repair of enterocel e; vaginal approach N/A $510 N/A 15. We summarize the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of rectoceles, with an emphasis on outcomes after surgical repair. Other insurance might include: Coverage from your or your spouse's employer; Medicaid; Medicare Supplement Insurance (Medigap) policy Jan 8, 2024 · What Is Rectocele? Like cystocele, rectocele is a type of vaginal prolapse. Coastal Urology Associates is a medical group practice located in Brick, NJ that specializes in Urology and Nursing (Nurse Practitioner). 33 Colporrhaphy is a surgery used to repair weaknesses in your vaginal walls that are causing unpleasant symptoms. Swedish Colon & Rectal Clinic - First Hill. Using a laser or scalpel, your surgeon will make a V-shaped incision in the vaginal mucosa on the back of the vaginal wall, cutting from the vaginal entryway (introitus) through to the perineum, just above the anal opening. Jul 16, 2024 · When evaluating expertise in Rectocele, we go beyond simply looking at the number of patients a provider near me sees for Rectocele. This can be done with and without the use of transvaginal synthetic mesh. Apr 21, 2023 · A rectocele repair procedure can help with symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse. Enterocele is when the small intestine bulges into the vagina. 57250 Posterior repair, rectocele N/A $619 N/A 18. Basically, a rectocele occurs when the end of the large intestine (rectum) pushes through the back wall of the vagina causing vaginal prolapse. Cystocele repair refers to the repair of the bladder prolapse. Rectocele surgery is a minimally invasive surgical repair. A high-fiber diet, along with fiber supplements, stool softeners and adequate hydration will help ease bowel movements and lessen straining. Rectocele repair is a surgical procedure to correct a bulge in the wall between your rectum and vagina. Contacting Your Insurance Provider. Rectocele is when the rectum bulges into the vagina. Often, rectocele happens with other forms of pelvic organ prolapse, where organs like your uterus or bladder shift out of place, too. Pelvic floor dysfunction refers to a wide range of issues that occur when muscles of the pelvic floor are weak, tight, or there is an impairment of the muscle, nerves or joints. Insurance coverage for rectocele repair surgery can provide financial relief for individuals seeking treatment for this condition. Reconstructive Surgery: Surgery to repair or restore a part of the body that is injured or damaged. Apr 26, 2024 · This type of prolapse involves the rear, also called posterior, vaginal wall. 6467 57250 Posterior repair, rectocele 5415 $3,660 49. Rectocele is defined as a herniation of the rectal wall inside the vagina due to a defect of the recto-vaginal septum. Uterine prolapse. 1999. This newer method gives success rates of over 95% in our hands. Rectal prolapse surgery (rectopexy) may take place through your abdomen or perineum (a perineal rectosigmoidectomy). Dec 13, 2018 · Difference: A rectocele repair is the repair of a prolapse of the back wall of the vagina between the vagina and the rectum. 47 57265 Combined A&P repair w/ enterocele repair N/A $873 N/A 26. Aug 10, 2022 · Treatment depends on how severe your prolapse is. The surgery attaches the vaginal vault to the sacrum with surgical mesh. 04 Rectocele Colporraphy-Enterocele Repair 57265 - Combined anteroposterior colporrhaphy; with enterocele repair (57240 + 57250 + 57268) 57268- Repair of enterocele, vaginal . Does Rectocele on Defecography Equate to Rectocele on Physical Examination in Patients with Defecatory Symptoms? Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. Patients being evaluated for rectocele by urogynecologist should also undergo thorough history and physical to identify pelvic floor dysfunction as this concurrent diagnosis may affect postoperative results of any rectocele repair. Feb 12, 2023 · GLENDALE. What is Rectocele? The pelvic organs are supported by various muscles and ligaments. Whether or not a hysterectomy is recommended at the time of prolapse repair depends on each patient’s symptoms and physical exam. Apr 7, 2023 · Homeowners insurance will generally cover foundation damage if it’s caused by a fire or accidental and sudden water damage, like a burst pipe. 2021 Jan 1;27(1):18-22. At some medical centers, imaging tests of the rectum may be done to outline the size and location of the rectocele. Page Footer I want to Get an ID card File a claim View my claims and EOBs Check coverage under my plan See prescription drug list Find an in-network doctor, dentist, or facility Find a form Find 1095-B tax form information View the Cigna Glossary Contact Cigna A rectocele is a common occurrence following vaginal childbirth, where the lower rectum bulges (or herniates) into the vagina and makes it difficult for the patient to have a bowel movement. Schedule an appointment or call us today to discuss the many treatment options available for urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and a variety of other bothersome pelvic health symptoms. Defecography was performed in 180 patients; rectocele was seen in 143 patients (79 percent; 135 females and 8 males). Michael Tahery, M. Nov 13, 2023 · Introduction. It’ll cover your hernia surgery if you have it as an outpatient at a surgery center, office May 5, 2023 · Adults with rectal prolapse need surgery to put rectal tissue that slips into their anus back where it belongs. An enterocele is also called a small bowel prolapse. This review accompanies a retrospective analysis of outcomes after multidisciplinary, transvaginal rectocele repair procedures undertaken by 3 colorectal surgeons in 215 patients at a large teaching hospital in the UK. While most people who undergo the procedure experience improvement in their symptoms, prolapse can reoccur, requiring Understanding Insurance Coverage for Rectocele Repair Surgery. This surgery is only an option if you no longer want to have vaginal sex. Surgery is usually used only after you have tried other treatments such as: Doing muscle-strengthening exercises, called Kegel exercises. What to Expect when you have a Cystocele and Rectocele Repair When is it used? Surgery is done to relieve bulging into the vagina that may be caused by a cystocele and rectocele. This should not be confused with "vaginal plastic surgery" which is often described as vaginal rejuvenation. When there is extensive pelvic relaxation and prolapse, the best approach may be a combined repair. You need to be able to do an emergency stop safely & without pain & I wouldn't have been ready before. Figure 1. Prolapse repair can include 1 or multiple procedures designed to address different concerns related to pelvic organ prolapse: Bladder tuck, also known as cystocele repair We recently talked to Abby about her experience with rectocele repair surgery with Dr. An enterocele (en-TUH-roh-seel) is when your small intestine moves downward. 52 Repair of rectocele: 45560 Repair of rectocele: 70. Jun 27, 2024 · A rectocele is a condition that can occur in females where the front wall of the rectum (the last part of the large intestine) pushes into the back wall of the vagina. The extent of coverage may vary depending on the individual’s insurance policy and the specific coverage details. For recommended treatments, please consult with your health care provider. The pelvic floor is a complex mechanical construct with multiple compartments expected to work in synergy to provide optimal function. Conclusion. The cash cost of Rectocele/Enterocele Repair (Rectal Repair) is $6,000. Certain factors may increase the risk of a woman developing a rectocele, including birth trauma, such as multiple, difficult or prolonged deliveries, the use of forceps or other assisted methods of delivery, perineal tears, or an episiotomy into the rectum or anal Urology Care, P. 503 North Central Avenue #200 Glendale CA, 91203 (818) 265-9499 Sep 9, 2021 · Core Tip: An organized literature search for studies that assessed the outcome of transperineal repair of rectocele was performed. 6520 226th Place Southeast, Suite 205, Issaquah, WA 98027 pelvic health physical therapy in tennessee is covered by insurance Did you know that Direct Access allows most patients to be seen without a prescription from a physician? To learn more or to schedule a pelvic health physical therapy appointment, please click a link below for site-specific information or simply call one of our Pelvic Health Insurance Blog Schedule a Visit (910) 509-0103 Get Directions. Female anatomy without a rectocele (left), with a rectocele (right) Causes of Enteroceles and Rectoceles Nov 11, 2019 · Rectocele Rectocele is when the end of the large intestine (rectum) pushes against and moves the back wall of the vagina. Vaginal rejuvenation can be combined with pelvic prolapse repair at the same time. 21605 76th Avenue West, Suite 200, Edmonds, WA 98026 PATIENT!INFORMATION! What!preparation!is!needed!for!a!rectocoele!repair?! You$will$probably$come$into$hospital$on$the$morning$of$the$operation,$which$usually$takes$1–2$ Linzess works wonderfully, but my insurance wants to change $455 until I've hit my deductible. When a labiaplasty is considered medically necessary, this can be billed through one’s insurance and performed as an outpatient procedure at a surgery center. May 16, 2019 · If the woman’s primary complaint is defecatory dysfunction or fecal incontinence rather than a bulge, surgical correction of a rectocele or perineal body defect may not correct her symptoms. This can sometimes accompany uterine prolapse. Sep 12, 2019 · Code 57250, for example, represents the repair of a rectocele with or without a perineorrhaphry and includes a posterior colporrhaphy. However, repair of cystocele, rectocele, enterocele, fallen uterus, and slings for incontinence are usually covered by medical insurance. Rectocele causes follow many of the same ones listed above but also include constipation or chronic straining when trying to pass bowel movements. Unlike many other reconstructive surgeries used to treat pelvic organ prolapse (POP), your provider can perform the procedure without having to make a large incision (cut) into your abdomen. 24 57267 Insertion of mesh; vaginal approach N/A $248 N/A 7. Jun 1, 2024 · Hernia repair surgery is the primary treatment for a hernia. Posterior colporrhaphy is superior to the transanal repair for treatment of posterior vaginal wall prolapse. Rectocele Repair and Vaginal Rejuvenation There are two components of vaginal rejuvenation, vaginoplasty and perineoplasty. Dec 16, 2013 · Introduction. 6467 57265 Combined A&P repair w/enterocele repair 5415 $3,660 49. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a relatively common condition in women that can have a significant impact on quality of life. Appealing a Denied Claim. In this surgical procedure, the doctor will make an incision into the back wall of the vagina. This type of prolapse is called a rectocele. Your surgeon will fix the wall between your bladder and vagina to keep your bladder from moving again. See full list on mayoclinic. Neurourology and Urodynamics. Out of 306 studies, 24 were found eligible for inclusion to this review. Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy). The goal of rectocele repair is to strengthen the wall between the vagina and rectum. Some home warranty providers will cap coverage at a certain amount per claim or per year. May 13, 2010 · "If I had ripped my arm or leg muscles apart in an accident - that would be covered" GREAT question but - Answer - not what you want to hear. Gathering the Necessary Documentation. Introduction. Indications. This makes your intestine push on the back wall of your vagina, making it bulge (see Figure 1). A surgeon secures the connective tissue between the vagina and rectum to make the bulge smaller. Rectocele repair refers to the repair of rectum prolapse. 6467 57260 Combined A&P repair 5415 $3,660 49. Mar 22, 2022 · Rectocele is one form of pelvic organ prolapse (POP), a condition where organs droop because of a weak pelvic floor. 21616 76th Avenue West, Suite 201A, Edmonds, WA 98026 Oct 11, 2022 · Check with your insurance provider to find out the details. In contrast, 45560 (Repair of rectocele [separate procedure]) is for the repair of a rectocele using a perirectal approach without a posterior colporrhaphy. Rectum: The last part of the digestive tract. 18:70. The typical surgery to address this problem is called transvaginal rectocele repair. Advantages of vaginal reconstructive procedures include: Small vaginal incision, no abdominal incision Perineoplasty is a surgical procedure to repair the perineum and external organs of your vagina (vulva). A rectocele, which may also be called a posterior vaginal prolapse, is a common condition, especially after age 50. Bladder testing, pelvic floor physical therapy and vaginal prolapse repair procedures are mostly covered by health insurance plans like any other surgical procedures and are NOT considered as cosmetic procedures. 6467 57267 Insertion of mesh (ADD-ON CODE) No Separate Reimbursement (See *Note Below) 57268 Repair of enterocele, vaginal approach This is a subreddit to raise awareness and offer support for people with PFD. You can search on Zocdoc specifically for Rectocele doctors who accept your insurance for video visits by selecting your carrier and plan from the drop-down menu at the top of the page. Dell JR, O’Kelley KR: Pelvisoft Biomesh Augmentation of Rectocele Repair: The Initial Clinical Experience in 35 Patients. This makes your rectum push into the back wall of your vagina, making it bulge (see Figure 2). 57240 Anterior repair, cystocele 5415 $3,660 49. A rectocele repair may be performed through the anus, through the vagina, through the perineum between the anus and vagina, or from above through the abdomen. org When the condition is mild, nonsurgical management is recommended. With this medical condition, the posterior vaginal wall collapses, allowing the rectum to push into your vagina. Jul 20, 2023 · The surgery itself is done under either general or local anesthesia with IV sedation. The surgeon also removes extra tissue. Cystocele repair surgery A cystocele repair is a surgery to put your bladder back in its normal place. The type and amount of health care costs that will be covered by the health insurance company are specified in Background. The technical name for vaginal repair is colporrhaphy, or anterior and/or posterior repair. evaluated bowel symptoms before and 12 months after rectocele repair and found that while defecatory dysfunction improved in all categories (incomplete Most insurers provide coverage for video visits at the same cost as in-person visits. 59 57260 Combined A&P repair N/A $781 N/A 23. GET A TRANSVAGINAL RECTOCELE REPAIR OR POSTERIOR REPAIR. forceps delivery, vacuum delivery, tearing with a vaginal delivery, and episiotomy Q: Will my health insurance cover my bladder testing and procedures? A: The simple answer is yes. How to Determine Coverage Eligibility. The Importance of Insurance Coverage. These procedures are covered by most insurance policies as they are for real diagnoses. If the posterior vaginal prolapse causes few or no symptoms, simple self-care measures — such as performing Kegel exercises to strengthen pelvic muscles — might give relief. The posterior colporrhaphy surgery for rectocele repair does not involve the use of mesh. approach (separate procedure) Rectocele repair (posterior colporrhaphy) removes your bowel hernia from the vagina. Otherwise, you may notice: A soft bulge of tissue in the vagina that might come through the opening of the vagina; Trouble having a bowel movement; Feeling pressure or fullness in the rectum; A feeling that the rectum has not completely emptied after a bowel movement Swedish OB/GYN Specialists - Renton. Purpose. C. Over time, these tissues stretch as a result of childbirth, excessive straining or age causing the pelvic organs to shift from their normal location. Oct 13, 2020 · Background Management of rectocele is challenging. This surgery pulls together the stretched or torn tissue in the area of prolapse. There are many things which can lead to weakening of the pelvic floor, including advanced age, multiple vaginal deliveries and birthing trauma during vaginal delivery (e. Jul 15, 2022 · Kahn MA, Stanton,SL, Kumar D, Fox SD. Aug 10, 2022 · A small posterior vaginal prolapse (rectocele) might cause no symptoms. 57270 - Repair of enterocele, abdominal . Check with any other insurance you may have to see what it will pay. Prolapse repair is used to address pelvic organs like the bladder, uterus or rectum that have dropped and are pressing against the vagina. For a list of covered benefits, please refer to your Evidence of Coverage or Summary Plan Description. A posterior prolapse involves the rectum. It happens when the thin wall of tissue between your back passage and rectum (known as the posterior vaginal wall) weakens and then bulges out. Figure 2. I tried switching to Amitesa, which really didn't do much of anything, and I could feel poop moving into the rectocele - drove me nuts. If non-surgical methods do not help control rectocele symptoms, surgery may be needed. Alternative Options for Financial Assistance. This latter approach is usually performed by a Read on now to learn the types of outcomes women experience after rectocele surgery and learn: What is a rectocele? Typical rectocele symptoms 2 main types of rectocele surgery; When to avoid rectocele surgery; Positive outcomes from posterior vaginal wall surgery; Potential complications after rectocele repair surgery; Overall success of the May 9, 2024 · For instance, your home repair insurance may cover a septic tank repair up to $162, leaving you to pay for the remaining $1,378. Female anatomy without an enterocele (left), with an enterocele (right) Back to top. Tips for Maximizing Insurance Coverage. If you belong to a Medicare health plan, contact your plan for more information. SHARE THIS ARTICLE Because rectocele and enterocele are defects of the pelvic supporting tissue and not the bowel wall, they are treated most successfully with surgery that repairs the vaginal wall. August 23 – 27, 2004; Paris, France. This can be done through a vaginal surgery and involves the reconstruction of the vaginal wall and tissue between the bladder and the vagina. Alternatives to bladder prolapse surgery There are two main alternatives to bladder prolapse surgery: pelvic floor exercises and pessary. A vaginal pessary is a small device used to support the prolapsed wall. Nieminen K, Hiltunen KM, Laitinen J, Oksala J, Heinonen PK. The procedure takes 60 minutes to perform. Transanal repair has been shown to be less effective than transvaginal repairs. Nine studies (301 patients) assessed the classical transperineal repair of rectocele. Dec 15, 2023 · Rectocele repair, a surgical procedure, offers a viable solution to alleviate the associated symptoms. Peahen Gandhi of Cherokee Women’s Health A Loose Vagina and Painful Sex Treated with Vaginal Rejuvenation A loose vagina, painful sex and incontinence are all symptoms that can be corrected with vaginal rejuvenation (VR). About Us. Cuff suspension to repair prolapse of the apex (top) of the vagina; Rectocele repair to correct and restore a prolapsed rectum; Our specialists are skilled in advanced pelvic reconstruction techniques, including robotic prolapse repair for a faster surgery and easier recovery. In the surgery, the rectocele is reached through the vagina and the rectal area is not disturbed. Medicare Part B is medical insurance. lifting, straining, vigorous exercise, coughing and constipation. Cosmetic labiaplasty may be done in-office and is not covered by insurance. 55 Repair of rectocele with graft or prosthesis: 56810 Perineoplasty, non-obstetric: 618. Post-menopausal women may benefit from hormone replacement therapy. There are several surgical techniques used to repair a rectocele. Patients receiving an anterior repair will have the connective tissue between their bladder and vagina brought together, treating the bulging of the bladder into the vagina ( cystocele ). If the exam reveals bulging of the bladder ( cystocele ) or rectum ( rectocele ) but the uterus is not significantly prolapsed, a vaginal prolapse repair may be the best treatment option. Your perineum is the space between your anus and vagina. Vaginoplasty is a surgery done to restore the inner caliber of the vagina and perineoplasty is the procedure used to tighten the opening of the vagina. Expected duration. Its purpose is to help support your reproductive organs and pelvic floor muscles. A rectocele is also called a posterior prolapse. This procedure can help ease chronic discomfort and difficulty having bowel movements. approach (separate procedure)-includes suspension of the vaginal posterior fornix. Rectocele is form of Vaginal Prolapse when the tissues between the rectum and vaginal wall become damaged May 9, 2013 · Labiaplasty may be done as a cosmetic procedure or due to labial hypertrophy with bothersome symptoms. 70. Surgery is done under general anesthesia and usually takes about one hour. However, it is crucial to understand the risks and potential complications associated with this surgery, as elaborated below. 1101 Madison Street, Floor 5, Seattle, WA 98104 Proliance Athena Womens Health. The layers under the vaginal wall are then sutured together in such a way as to tighten the tissues and reinforce the strength of the wall. Treatment usually starts with conservative measures and may involve surgical intervention in non-responding patients. Posterior vaginal wall prolapse (rectocele) that is bothersome or starting to cause complications. What Is Rectocele? Jul 27, 2020 · Post-Op Rectocele Repair Post operation there are a few things that may occur. Cystocele, Enterocele, & Rectocele Repair ˝ What is Cystocele, Enterocele, & Rectocele There are several surgical techniques used to repair a rectocele. Two If the rectocele is moderate to severe, there are also options of using a vaginal pessary or rectocele repair. Methods Patients with anterior rectocele who underwent PC or LVMR were Very rarely, a rectocele may be large enough to cause upward compression and difficulty passing urine. In these cases, stronger rectocele treatment options such as a pessary or rectocele repair may be necessary for constipation relief. Sacrocolpopexy: A type of surgery to repair vaginal vault prolapse. The most common symptoms post rectocele surgery is slight pelvic and rectal discomfort and pressure, as well as slight vaginal bleeding, and minimal pain during bowel movements. We consider many additional factors such as the number of articles about Rectocele a doctor has published in medical journals, participation in clinical trials studying Rectocele, speaking at industry conferences about Rectocele, prescribing and referral patterns A rectocele is a type of vaginal prolapse (organ bulge). Sacrohysteropexy: A type of surgery to repair uterine The exact cause of a rectocele is unknown, but symptomatic rectoceles usually occur in conjunction with weakening of the pelvic floor. Rectocele Repair is done in the surgery center or operating room under general, regional, or local anesthesia. g. Manchio, MD is a specialist in General Surgery,Colon and Rectal Surgery who has an office at 18040 Southwest Lower Boones Ferry Road, Suite 207, Tigard, OR 97224 and can be reached at (971) 254-9884. Childbirth, weight loss, trauma and other factors can damage this area and cause the skin around your Aug 10, 2023 · This straining maneuver should cause the rectocele to bulge, and allow the doctor to see the rectocele's size and location inside your vagina. Swedish Surgical Specialists First Hill. Treatment might involve: Observation. A rectocele is a long-term condition that does not heal on its own. Carefully read the fine print and exclusions in your contract before you buy home repair insurance. 53 Repair of cystocele and rectocele with graft or prosthesis: Anterior + posterior + apical repair: 57265 Combined anteroposterior colporrhaphy with enterocele repair: Posterior repair: 70. 6226 East Pima Street, Suite 100 Tucson, AZ 85712 Treatment for a cystocele includes cystocele repair surgery, surgery to place a urethral sling, or both. Results: Two hundred seventy-nine patients were evaluated for pelvic outlet symptoms in our clinic. uumprt bfi zuysju nvwzfg let ueezlvf bcwzz blcrx bhtkobqw nyi